Geranylated or prenylated flavonoids from Cajanus volubilis / 中国天然药物

Five new flavonoid derivatives, cajavolubones A-E (1-5), along with six known analogues (6-11) were isolated from Cajanus volubilis, and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and quantum chemical calculations. Cajavolubones A and B (1 and 2) were identified as two geranylated chalcones. Cajavolubone C (3) was a prenylated flavone, while cajavolubones D and E (4 and 5) were two prenylated isoflavanones. Compounds 3, 8, 9 and 11 displayed cytotoxicity against HCT-116 cancer cell line.

Safety and feasibility of thoracic sympathectomy in the treatment of primary palmar hyperhidrosis based on ambulatory surgery / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To investigate the clinical safety and feasibility of thoracic sympathectomy in the treatment of palmar hyperhidrosis based on ambulatory surgery. Methods    A retrospective analysis of 74 patients who underwent thoracoscopic sympathectomy in the Department of Thoracic Surgery of the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province from January 2017 to April 2021 was performed, including 35 males and 39 females aged 12-38 (21.32±4.13) years. Patients were divided into two groups according to different treatments. There were 34 patients in a control group (adopting traditional surgery), and 40 patients in an observation group (adopting ambulatory surgery). The clinical effects of the two groups were compared. Results    No massive bleeding, conversion to thoracotomy, postoperative pneumo-thorax or severe pneumonia occured in all patients. Univariate analysis of intraoperative indexes showed that the two groups had no statistical difference in total hospitalization cost, operation time, anesthesia time or postoperative waiting time (P>0.05). The amount of intraoperative blood loss in the observation group was less than that in the control group (P<0.05). The time of postoperative out of bed and recovery of walking capacity and the incidence of electrolyte disturbance in the observation group were shorter or lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in white blood count, neutrophils count or postoperative 24 h pulse oxygen saturation fluctuation peak between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion    Based on the optimized diagnosis and treatment model, thoraco-scopic sympathectomy with laryngeal mask airway which is performed during ambulatory surgery, is feasible and worth popularizing in thoracic surgery.

Antibacterial and osteogenic properties of biomimetic mineralized iodine-loaded coating with micro-nano topography on bone implants / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective:To investigate the antibacterial and osteogenic properties of biomimetic mineralized iodine-loaded coating with micro-nano topography on the surface of bone implants.Methods:After the fiber network structure of sodium hydrogen titanate was constructed by alkali thermal reaction on the surface of Ti6Al4V (noted as AT), it was biomimetically mineralized in the modified simulated body fluid to form a micro-nano topology with high specific surface area (noted as AT-CaP), and finally loaded with PVPI to construct a novel antibacterial osseointegration coating (noted as AT-CaP-PVPI). The study was conducted in AT, AT-CaP, and AT-CaP-PVPI groups, in each of which 3 parallel experiments were performed. The morphology and colony counting of Staphylococcus aureus on the coating surface were observed to detect the in vitro antibacterial performance of the coating. Fifteen male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n=5): AT, AT-CaP, and AT-CaP-PVPI. After intramedullary injection of Staphylococcus aureus into the lower end of the femur in the SD rats, titanium rods coated with AT, AT-CaP, and AT-CaP-PVPI were inserted into the marrow cavity. The osteogenesis, volume ratio of new bone mass and number of trabeculae on the surface of the femoral implants were compared between the 3 groups 4 weeks after operation. Results:In AT and AT-CaP groups, a large number of bacteria grew in their inherent elliptical or spherical shape on the implant surface and a large number of colonies were seen on the plate; in AT-CaP-PVPI group, the bacteria on the coating surface exhibited membrane deformation and depression, some of them were completely broken and dissolved, and a large number died. There was almost no new bone formation around the implants in AT group; new bone scattered around the implants with discontinuous distribution in AT-CaP group; a great amount of new bone was seen around the implants with even distribution but no signs of infection in AT-CaP-PVPI group. The volume ratio of new bone mass and the number of trabeculae on the implant surface in AT-CaP-PVPI group were 0.453±0.206 and 6.055±0.536, respectively, significantly higher than those in AT group (0.046±0.028 and 1.667±1.249) and AT-CaP group (0.188±0.052 and 3.804±0.889) ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Biomimetic mineralized iodine-loaded coating with micro-nano topography on the surface of bone implants shows good antibacterial and osteogenic properties.

Emergency ectopic embedment of a large extruded bone mass for open lower limb bone defects / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective:To explore the efficacy of emergency ectopic embedment of a large extruded bone mass in the treatment of open lower limb bone defects.Methods:From June 2015 to June 2019, 11 patients were treated for open lower limb bone defects at Department of Traumatic Orthopedics & Microsurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University by primary ectopic embedment of a large extruded bone mass. They were 8 males and 3 females, aged from 18 to 57 years (mean, 35.3 years). The time from injury to operation ranged from 4 to 12 hours (mean, 6.3 hours). The size of free bone mass ranged from 3 to 16 cm (mean, 8.7 cm). At the emergency primary stage, following vascular and nerve anastomosis, large extruded bone masses were embedded ectopically to the sites with rich blood supply after cleaning and disinfection. The embedment was lateral to the thigh in 9 cases and in the groin in 2 cases. Wound repair was performed at the second stage, and bone replantation at the third stage, followed by internal plate fixation in 6 cases and external fixation in 5 cases. Fracture union was evaluated by regular X-ray follow-ups. At the last follow-up, Paley score was used to evaluate the curative outcomes, SF-36 score to evaluate functional recovery, and complications were recorded.Results:All patients were followed up for 6 to 50 months (mean, 15.5 months). Follow-ups observed no osteomyelitis. Fracture union was delayed in the 2 cases with external fixation but eventually achieved after bone graft and internal fixation. All fractures united after 5 to 12 months (mean, 8.5 months). The total treatment time ranged from 8 to 16 months (mean, 12.5 months). According to the Paley scores at the last follow-up, 7 cases were excellent, 3 good and one was poor, giving an excellent to good rate of 90.9% (10/11). The SF-36 scores for the postoperative quality of life averaged 86.7.Conclusion:Emergency ectopic embedment of a large extruded bone mass is a feasible treatment for open lower limb bone defects, with advantages of simplicity in operation and a low incidence of osteomyelitis.

Sequential therapy of external-internal fixation versus internal fixation alone for pilon fracture / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective:To compare the therapeutic effects between sequential therapy of external-internal fixation and internal fixation alone in the treatment of high-energy pilon fracture.Methods:A total of 61 patients with high-energy pilon fracture were enrolled by our team for this retrospective analysis who had been treated from January 2015 to July 2017. They received sequential therapy of external-internal fixation (the sequential group) or internal fixation alone (the internal group). In the sequential group of 26 cases, there were 19 males and 7 females (aged from 18 to 65 years), 4 cases of type C1, 8 cases of type C2 and 14 cases of type C3 by the OTA classification, and 7 cases of closed injury and 19 cases of open injury. In the internal group of 35 cases, there were 25 males and 10 females (aged from 19 to 64 years), 6 cases of type C1, 13 cases of type C2 and 16 cases of type C3 by the OTA classification, and 21 cases of closed injury and 14 cases of open injury. The 2 groups were compared in terms of postoperative infection, fracture reduction, fracture union time, nonunion, American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score, short form 36 health survey questionnaire (SF-36) and reduced range of motion between healthy and affected ankles.Results:There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in gender, age, fracture type, injury cause or follow-up time ( P>0.05), but a significant difference in soft tissue injury favoring the sequential group ( P=0.010). There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in postoperative infection rate [15.4% (4/26) versus 17.1% (6/35)], fracture reduction, fracture union time [(7.4±3.4) months versus (6.5±3.2) months], nonunion rate [7.7% (2/26) versus 8.6% (3/35)], AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score (71.7±29.4 versus 74.4±19.5), or SF-36 (83.1±9.9 versus 83.8±7.9) ( P>0.05). The reduced range of motion between healthy and affected ankles at 6 months postoperation in the sequential group (34.6°±7.2°) was significantly greater than that in the internal group (23.7°±5.1°) ( P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the 2 groups in the reduced range of motion between healthy and affected ankles at 2 years postoperation (26.0°±11.1° versus 21.8°±11.3°) ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Although both sequential therapy of external-internal fixation and internal fixation alone can lead to fine clinical efficacy in the treatment of high-energy pilon fracture, the former may be more suitable for the patients with severe soft tissue injury.

Effect of RITA on TP53 Mutant Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma Cell Line and Its Mechanism / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of RITA on TP53 mutant human mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) cell line Mino and its possible mechanism.@*METHODS@#Mino cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 and treated with RITA at a concentration of 0-16 μmol/L for 24,48,72 hours. Cell viability was assessed by CCK-8 assay. The cells were treated by RITA (0-8 μmol/L) for 48 h, the cell apoptosis induced by RITA was detected by annexin V/PI flow cytometry. Western blot was performed to evaluate the expression of protein BCL-2, Caspase-3, Cleaved Caspase-3, PARP, MDM2, and P53 in Mino cells.@*RESULTS@#After treatment with 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 μmol/L RITA for 48 h, the proliferation inhibition rate of Mino cells was (1.2±5.6)%, (14.9±4.9)%, (41.7±5.0)%, (61.8±2.4)%, (70.2±2.8)%, and (70.8±2.4)%, respectively. RITA could inhibit the proliferation of Mino cells significantly, and statistical analysis showed that the inhibition rate was increased with the increasing of RITA concentration (r=0.767). After the cells were treated by 4 μmol/L RITA for 24, 48, and 72 h, the proliferation inhibition rate was (25.2±3.8)%, (61.8±2.4)%, and (87.0±0.7)%, respectively. Satistical analysis showed that the inhibition rate was also increased with the increasing of treatment time (r=0.978). The apoptosis rate of Mino cells treated by 0, 2, 4, and 8 μmol/L RITA for 48 h was (5.4±0.4)%, (15.3±0.6)%, (38.7±1.7)%, and (50.8±1.1)%, respectively, and it showed dose-dependent manner (r=0.961). Western blot showed that with the increasing of RITA concentration, the BCL-2 protein expression was decreased in a dose-dependent manner (r=0.932), moreover, PARP cleavage and Caspase-3 activation were found, while the protein expression of MDM2 and P53 showed no change.@*CONCLUSION@#RITA can inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of Mino cells significantly. The mechanism may be dependent on the Caspase pathway, but independent on the P53 pathway.

Evolution of blood lipids and risk factors of dyslipidemia among people living with human immunodeficiency virus who had received first-line antiretroviral regimens for 3 years in Shenzhen / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Lipid abnormalities are prevalent among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWH) and contribute to increasing risk of cardiovascular events. This study aims to investigate the incidence of dyslipidemia and its risk factors in PLWH after receiving different first-line free antiretroviral regimens.@*METHODS@#PLWH who sought care at the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen from January 2014 to December 2018 were included, and the baseline characteristics and clinical data during the follow-up were collected, including total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). The risk factors of dyslipidemia after antiretroviral therapy were analyzed with the generalized estimating equation model.@*RESULTS@#Among the 7623 PLWH included, the mean levels of TC, HDL-C and LDL-C were 4.23 ± 0.85 mmol/L, 1.27 ± 0.29 mmol/L and 2.54 ± 0.65 mmol/L, respectively, and the median TG was 1.17 (IQR: 0.85-1.68) mmol/L. Compared with that in PLWH receiving tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) + lamivudine (3TC) + ritonavir-boosted lopinavir (LPV/r), zidovudine (AZT) + 3TC + efavirenz (EFV), and AZT + 3TC + LPV/r, the incidence of dyslipidemia was lower in PLWH receiving TDF + 3TC + EFV. In multivariate analysis, we found that the risks of elevations of TG, TC, and LDL-C were higher with TDF + 3TC + LPV/r (TG: odds ratio [OR] = 2.82, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.55-3.11, P < 0.001; TC: OR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.14-1.35, P < 0.001; LDL: OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.00-1.12, P = 0.041), AZT + 3TC + EFV (TG: OR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.28-1.55, P < 0.001; TC: OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.31-1.56, P < 0.001; LDL: OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.12-1.25, P < 0.001), and AZT + 3TC + LPV/r (TG: OR = 3.08, 95% CI: 2.65-3.59, P < 0.001; TC: OR = 2.40, 95% CI: 1.96-2.94, P < 0.001; LDL: OR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.37-1.69, P < 0.001) than with TDF + 3TC + EFV, while treatment with TDF + 3TC + LPV/r was less likely to restore HDL-C levels compared with TDF + 3TC + EFV (OR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92-0.97, P < 0.001). In addition to antiretroviral regimens, antiretroviral therapy duration, older age, overweight, obesity and other traditional factors were also important risk factors for dyslipidemia.@*CONCLUSION@#The incidence of dyslipidemia varies with different antiretroviral regimens, with TDF + 3TC + EFV having lower risk for dyslipidemia than the other first-line free antiretroviral regimens in China.

Tissue transplantation combined with Ilizarov distraction technique to reconstruct bone and soft tissue defects in lower limb / 中华显微外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effect of tissue transplantation combined with Ilizarov distraction technique in reconstruction of lower limb anatomical structure and the recovery of lower limb functions.Methods:From October, 2010 to April, 2019, tissue transplantation combined with Ilizarov distraction technique was used to reconstruct the anatomical structures and functions of 51 lower limb defects, including 17 in proximal tibia, 27 in distal tibia, 4 partial defects of calcaneus and 3 in metatarsal bones. Surgical operations were carried out in 2 phases. Transplantation of free flaps to cover the wound surface was performed in the first phase. Thirty-three free anterolateral femoral flaps, 8 groin flaps, 5 anterolateral medial femoral flaps, 3 thoracic umbilical flaps, and 2 alissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flaps were transplanted, with the sizes ranged from 3.5 cm×15.0 cm to 8.0 cm×25.0 cm. In the second phase, Ilizarov ring rack or customer-designed distractor were applied/employed and 44 cases applied with Ilizarov ring racks and 7 cases with self-designed distractors. Regular postoperative followed-up.Results:All flaps survived. There was 1 partial necrosis on the anterolateral femoral flap and 3 postoperative infections. Bone transport was applied to repair 36 tibia defects, bone transport combined with limb extension to restore the length of limb in 8 cases, bone transverse or longitudinal distraction was applied to restore the shape of calcaneus in 4 cases, and longitudinal or transverse distraction was applied to restore the foot arch in 3 cases with metatarsal defects. Followed-up for 9 months to 2 years. There was no recurrence of osteomyelitis after the second operation. Bone healings were achieved in the articulation ends and extension areas of bone transport. The excellent rate of Paley bone score was 98.0%, the average SF-36 score was 88.9, and the average AOFAS score was 79.5.Conclusion:Tissue transplantation together with the Ilizarov technology is able to reconstruct a combined bone and soft tissue defect of lower limb and restore functions of the affected limb to the greatest extent.

I1363T mutation induces the defects in fast inactivation of human skeletal muscle voltage-gated sodium channel / 浙江大学学报·医学版

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the mechanism of congenital paramyotonia caused by human skeletal muscle voltage-gated sodium channel hNav1.4 mutant I1363T.@*METHODS@#The conservation of the mutant site were detecled by using amino acid sequence alignment; the C-terminal mCherry fusion hNav1.4 was constructed, and the expression and distribution of wild type and hNav1.4 mutant I1363T were determined by confocal microscopy; the steady-state activation, fast inactivation and window current of wild type and hNav1.4 mutant I1363T were examined by whole-cell patch clamp.@*RESULTS@#Alignment of the amino acid sequences revealed that Ile1363 is highly conserved in human sodium channels. There was no significant difference in expression level and distribution between wild type and I1363T. Although no significant differences were observed between I1363T mutant and wild type in the activation upon channel gating, the of voltage-dependence of fast inactivation of I1363T mutant[(-59.01±0.26) mV] shifted 9 mV towards depolarization as compared with wild type[(-68.03±0.34) mV], and the slope factor of voltage-dependence curve increased to (5.24±0.23) mV, compared with (4.55±0.21) mV of the wild type. Moreover, I1363T showed the larger window current than that of the wild type.@*CONCLUSIONS@#I1363T causes the defect in fast inactivation of hNav1.4, which may increase the excitability of muscle cells and be responsible for myotonia. The increased window current of I1363T may result in an increase of inward Na+ current, could subsequently inactivate the channels and lead to loss of excitability and paralysis.

Buyang Huanwu Decoction ameliorates ischemic stroke by modulating multiple targets with multiple components: In vitro evidences / 中国天然药物

Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BYHWD) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine prescription which is used to treat ischaemic stroke and stroke-induced disabilities. However, the exact mechanism underlying BYHWD's amelioration of ischaemic stroke and its effective constituents remain unclear. The present study aimed to identify the effective constituents of BYHWD and to further explore its action mechanisms in the amelioration of ischaemic stroke by testing the activities of 15 absorbable chemical constituents of BYHWD with the same methods under the same conditions. The following actions of these 15 compounds were revealed: 1) Ferulic acid, calycosin, formononetin, astrapterocarpan-3-O-β-D-glucoside, paeonol, calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, astraisoflavan-7-O-β-D-glucoside, ligustrazine, and propyl gallate significantly suppressed concanavalin A (Con A)-induced T lymphocyte proliferation; 2) Propyl gallate, calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, paeonol, and ferulic acid markedly inhibited LPS-induced apoptosis in RAW264.7 cells; 3) Propyl gallate and formononetin significantly inhibited LPS-induced NO release; 4) Hydroxysafflor yellow A and inosine protected PC12 cells against the injuries caused by glutamate; and 5) Formononetin, astragaloside IV, astraisoflavan-7-O-β-D-glucoside, inosine, paeoniflorin, ononin, paeonol, propyl gallate, ligustrazine, and ferulic acid significantly suppressed the constriction of the thoracic aorta induced by KCl in rats. In conclusion, the results from the present study suggest that BYHWD exerts its ischaemic stroke ameliorating activities by modulating multiple targets with multiple components.

Effects of Aconitum coreanum polysaccharides on TGF-β induced endothelial-mesenchymal transition and its mechanisms / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the protective effect of Aconitum coreanum polysaccharides ( ACP) on TGF-β induced endothelial-mesenchymal transition ( EndMT) and its underlying mechanism. Methods HUVECs EndMT model was reproduced by 10 μg·L-1 TGF-β cultured for 72 h in vitro. The effect of ACP(50, 100, 200 mg·L-1) at various concentrations on TGF-β in-duced EndMT of HUVECs was explored. CCK8 assay was employed to detect the cell viability of HUVECs stimulated by ACP. Scratch test was used to analyze the migration ability of cells. The expressions of CD31, α-SMA, Smad2/3, p-Smad2/3 were deter-mined by Western blot. Results CCK-8 assay showed that various concentrations of ACP could promote HU-VECs viability obviously by 10 μg·L-1 TGF-β cul- tured for 36 h. Scratch test showed that TGF-β en-hanced transfer ability of HUVECs significantly, while this case was apparently reversed under the costimula-tion of TGF-β and ACP. Western blot showed that CD31 expression decreased significantly, and the ex-pressions of α-SMA, p-Smad2, p-Smad3 increased significantly, and this phenomenon could be regressed with ACP. Conclusion ACP can inhibit EndMT in HUVECs induced by TGF-β clearly, and the mecha-nism is related to down-regulation of p-Smad2, p-Smad3.

Clinical effect of OPD-Scan Ⅲ marker methods in Toric intraocular lens implantation / 眼科新进展

Objectivc To compare the accuracy and practicability of OPD-Scan Ⅲ marker methods and slit light narrow band marker methods in phacoemulsification and Toric IOL implantation.Methods A prospective randomized controlled study was conducted in 70 eyes of 70 patients with regular astigmatism (1.00-3.00 D).All patients underwent phacoemulsification and Toric IOL implantation and were randomly divided into two groups according to preoperative marker methods:observant group,in which OPD-Scan Ⅲ marker methods were used in 35 eyes of 35 patients,and control group,with application of slit light narrow band marker methods in 35 eyes of 35 patients.The postoperative visual acuity,residual astigmatism and deviation of lens axis (LAD) were observed and compared between the two groups.Results The uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) between preoperative data and 3 months after surgery was statistically significant [(0.11 ± 0.09) vs.(0.59 ± 0.25)] (P =0.000).The difference in the postoperative 1 day and 3 months LAD was no statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).The astigmatism between preoperation and 3 months after treatment was significant [(1.88 ± 0.49) D vs.(0.54 ± 0.30) D] (P =0.000).There was no significant difference in LAD between the two groups neither the first day nor 3 months after operation (both P =0.621).Conclusion OPD-Scan Ⅲ marker methods and slit light narrow band marker methods are both highly accurate and practical,but the former requires less for operator and is more easily accepted by patients.

Buyang Huanwu Decoction ameliorates ischemic stroke by modulating multiple targets with multiple components: In vitro evidences / 中国天然药物

Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BYHWD) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine prescription which is used to treat ischaemic stroke and stroke-induced disabilities. However, the exact mechanism underlying BYHWD's amelioration of ischaemic stroke and its effective constituents remain unclear. The present study aimed to identify the effective constituents of BYHWD and to further explore its action mechanisms in the amelioration of ischaemic stroke by testing the activities of 15 absorbable chemical constituents of BYHWD with the same methods under the same conditions. The following actions of these 15 compounds were revealed: 1) Ferulic acid, calycosin, formononetin, astrapterocarpan-3-O-β-D-glucoside, paeonol, calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, astraisoflavan-7-O-β-D-glucoside, ligustrazine, and propyl gallate significantly suppressed concanavalin A (Con A)-induced T lymphocyte proliferation; 2) Propyl gallate, calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, paeonol, and ferulic acid markedly inhibited LPS-induced apoptosis in RAW264.7 cells; 3) Propyl gallate and formononetin significantly inhibited LPS-induced NO release; 4) Hydroxysafflor yellow A and inosine protected PC12 cells against the injuries caused by glutamate; and 5) Formononetin, astragaloside IV, astraisoflavan-7-O-β-D-glucoside, inosine, paeoniflorin, ononin, paeonol, propyl gallate, ligustrazine, and ferulic acid significantly suppressed the constriction of the thoracic aorta induced by KCl in rats. In conclusion, the results from the present study suggest that BYHWD exerts its ischaemic stroke ameliorating activities by modulating multiple targets with multiple components.

Effect of Low-frequency Electroacupuncture on Substance P Expression in the Spinal Dorsal Horn in SNI Neuralgia Rats / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To investigate the intervening effect of low-frequency electroacupuncture on rat neuralgia and its regulating effect on substance P (SP) in the spinal dorsal horn. Method SD rats were randomized to normal, sham operation (sham SNI), operation (SNI) and electroacupuncture (SNI+EA) groups, 8 rats each. A rat model of neuralgia was made by spared sciatic nerve injury (SNI). Points Zusanli(ST36) and Kunlun(BL60) on the operation side were given 2 Hz electroacupuncture once daily for 14 days. The rat hind paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) was measured on the operation side to observe its pain hypersensitivity. SP-positive expression in the spinal dorsal horn on the operation side was determined by immunofluorescence. Result Operative side PWT decreased significantly in the SNI group of rats (P<0.01). Electroacupuncture increased operative side PWT in the SNI neuralgia rats (P<0.01). Pain threshold onthe healthy side had no marked change in the SNI group of rats (P>0.05). SP-positive expression in the spinal dorsal horn increased on the operation side (P<0.01) and also on the healthy side (P<0.05) in the SNI group of rats. Electroacupuncture decreased SP-positive expression in the spinal dorsal horn on the operation side in the SNI rats (P<0.01). Electroacupuncture did not significantly change SP-positive expression in the spinal dorsal horn on the healthy side (P>0.05). PWT on the operation and healthy sides and SP-positive cell expression in the spinal dorsal horn on the operation and healthy sides had no marked changes in the SNI group of rats (P>0.05). Conclusion Low-frequency electroacupuncture can relieve rat neuralgia. Its mechanism may be related to it inhibiting SP-positive expression in the spinal dorsal horn on the operation side.

Technique and clinical outcome of catheter ablation guided by remote magnetic navigation for ventricular arrhythmias originating from outflow tract / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective· To assess the clinical outcome of catheter ablation guided by remote magnetic navigation(RMN) for ventricular arrhythmias (Vas) including ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular premature complex (PVC) originating from ouflow tract (OT). Methods · A total of 42 patients with idiopathic VT/PVC originated from outflow tract were enrolled. All the patients underwent catheter ablation guided by RMN and 3D Carto mapping system. OT-Vas were divided into two groups:right ventricular outflow tract(RVOT) group and left ventricular outflow tract(LVOT) group. Vas arising from LVOT were mapped and ablated by transaortic retrograde and/or transseptal puncture approaches. The primary study endpoint was acute success rate. The secondary study endpoints were procedure-related parameters, including operator X ray time, ablation time, procedure time and complications. Vas recurrence was detected by Holter electrocardiograph (ECG) which was followed-up at 3 months, 6 months and 1 year after ablation. Results · 74% (31/42) Vas arised from RVOT. 93% (39/42) OT-Vas were achieved acute success. The acute success rate was not different between Vas from RVOT and LVOT (30/31 vs 9/11,P=0.160).Compared to LVOT group,the ablation time and fluoroscopic time of RVOT group were significantly reduced s by 31%(P=0.020) and by 33% (P=0.004). There was no major complication in two groups. Within the 11 cases of LVOT-Vas, 4 LVOT-Vas cases which were ablated by tansaortic retrograde with failure were transferred to transseptal approach and ablated successfully. At one-year follow-up, frequent PVCs recurred in 2 out of 39 patients with acute success. Conclusion · Catheter ablation using RMN for OT-Vas is safe and effective with relatively short operator's X-ray time. For LVOT-Vas, mapping and ablation guided by RMN through transseptal approach can improve the acute success rate.

An analysis on knowledge, attitude and practice regarding antibiotics use among community residents in Hangzhou / 预防医学

Objective To assess the current status of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) towards antibiotic use among community residents in Hangzhou, and to explore the correlations among them. Methods A total of 449 permanent residents in Hangzhou were randomly selected using a multistage stratified random sampling method. Self-reported data on basic demographic factors, and relevant KAP information were collected by the questionnaire survey. Differences in KAP scores according to each demographic factor were assessed by the t test or ANOVA test, and AMOS 21.0 was used for the path analysis. Results Scores for knowledge, attitude and practice regarding antibiotic use were (6.17±2.45), (6.45±0.99) and (6.21±1.02) respectively. Results of the path analysis showed that education level and age had effects on the knowledge (coefficients: 0.57 and -0.38 respectively) . Age, gender and knowledge had effects on the attitude (coefficients: -0.27, 0.12 和 0.02 respectively), and attitudes, gender, monthly income and the level of education had effects on the practice (coefficients: 0.48、 0.37、 0.06 and 0.02 respectively) . Conclusion Community residents in Hangzhou lack relevant knowledge, and there are some irrational attitudes and practices regarding antibiotic use. There is a correlation between knowledge and attitudes, as well as between attitudes and practices, but the knowledge and practices are not correlated.

Effect of bortezomib in inducing apoptosis of imatinib-resistant K562 cells and the mechanism / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of bortezomib in inducing apoptosis in imatinib-resistant K562 (K562R) cells and its possible mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>K562 cells were cultured in gradient concentrations of imatinib for several months to generate imatinib-resistant K562 cells. The viability of K562R cells treated with bortezomib was measured using CCK-8 cell proliferation assay, and the cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry with annexin V/PI dual staining. Western blotting was used to detect the protein expressions of Mcl-1,Bcl-2 and Bcr/Abl.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>K562R cell line was successfully established, which showed 31.8 folds of imatinib resistance compared with the na?ve cells. Bortezomib treatment produced dose- and time-dependent inhibitory effect on the proliferation of both K562 cells and K562R cells and dose-dependently induced apoptosis in K562R cells. Combination of bortezomib with imatinib significantly enhanced the apoptosis of the cells. Western blotting showed that bortezomib treatment dose-dependently decreased the protein levels of both Mcl-1and Bcr/Abl in K562R cells without affecting bcl-2 protein expression.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Bortezomib can inhibit the proliferation of K562R cells and induce cell apoptosis possibly by down-regulating Mcl-1 and Bcr/Abl expression and enhancing Mcl-1 cleavage.</p>

Anti-tumor effect and its mechanism of co-administration of fusion proteins hVEGF121/βhCG and mGM-CSF/βhCG / 中国药科大学学报

This study aimed at investigating the inhibitory effects and the anti-tumor mechanisms of co-adminis-tration of fusion proteins mGM-CSF/βhCG ( GC ) and hVEGF121/βhCG ( VC ) on RM-1 prostatic cancer and B16 F10 melanoma in the C57 BL/6 J mouse model. Two recombinant stains containing pET-28 a-mGM-CSF-X10-βhCGCTP37 and pET-28 a-VEGF-M2-X10-βhCG-CTP37 were induced by lactose to express fusion proteins. The fusion proteins were separated and purified to prepare the anti-tumor protein vaccines ( VC protein vaccine and GC protein vaccine) , which were then mixed to prepare a combined protein vaccine named VGC protein vac-cine. The prostatic cancer and melanoma tumor-bearing mice C57 BL/6 J were immunized with described vac-cines, then the growth of each tumor was measured;splenocyte proliferation of immunized mice was detected;and the cytotoxic effects of the vaccine on tumor cells were tested. After that, the in vivo concentrations of IFN-γ and anti-hVEGF antibodies were investigated by ELISA. The difference between each experimental group and normal saline group ( NS) was statistically significant in both tumor-bearing mouse models ( P <0. 05) respectively. Besides, VGC group exhibited significantly better anti-tumor effect compared with the GC and VC groups with the anti-tumor rate ( 41. 7 ± 0. 83)% and ( 46. 4 ± 1. 27)% for prostatic cancer and melanoma tumor, respectively. The co-administration of the two proteins, VC and GC, could inhibit the growth of RM-1 prostatic tumor and B16F10 melanoma effectively via anti-tumor immunity and anti-tumor angiogenesis.

MiR-181a Promotes Proliferation of Human Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells by Targeting ATM / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate miR-181a function and regulation mechanism by identifying miR-181a target genes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The HL-60 cells of human AML was transfected by small molecular analog miR-181a, the cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 method after electroporation in HL-60 cell lines. Target genes of miR-181a were predicted and analyzed by the bioinformatics software and database. Target genes were confirmed by HL-60 cell line and the patient leukemia cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Overexpressed miR-181a in HL-60 cell line significantly enhanced cell proliferation compared with that in control (P < 0.05). Dual luciferase reporter gene assay showed that miR-181a significantly suppressed the reporter gene activity containing ATM 3'-UTR by about 56.8% (P < 0.05), but it didn't suppress the reporter gene activity containing 3'-UTR ATM mutation. Western blot showed that miR-181a significantly downregulated the expression of ATM in human leukemia cells. It is also found that miR-181a was significantly increased in AML, which showed a negative correlation with ATM expression.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>miR-181a promotes cell proliferation in AML by regulating the tumor suppressor ATM, thus it plays the role as oncogene in pathogenesis of AML.</p>

Primary pulmonary plasmacytoma: A case report and review of the literature / 第二军医大学学报

Objective To describe the characteristics of primary pulmonary plasmacytoma. Methods One patient with primary pulmonary plasmacytoma was described and relevant literatures were reviewed. Results Primary pulmonary plasmacotyma is a very rare form of extramedullary plasmacytoma.Patients with this disease usually have little symptoms. Primary pulmonary plasmacytoma often presents as solitary or multiple nodular mass lesions, but these lesions lack specific radiographic features and are easily lead to misdiagnosis. The diagnosis of primary pulmonary plasmacotyma is based on the histological confirmation of plasma cell infiltration in lung lesions. Additionally, it requires normal bone marrow, normal skeletal survey, no related organ or tissue impairment, and no M protein in serum and/or urine. Most cases of solitary pulmonary plasmacytoma can be treated with surgical resection and/or irradiation, and combination chemotherapy is effective for cases of diffuse pulmonary infiltration. Conculsion Biopsy and pathologic diagnosis is very important to patients who present as solitary or multiple nodular mass lesions to avoid misdiagnosis and mistreatment.